Indian Pangolin
Manis crassicaudata
About the Indian Pangolin
The Indian pangolin is a unique mammal covered entirely in overlapping keratin scales — the only mammal with this defence. When threatened, it rolls into an impenetrable ball that even leopards cannot open. Pangolins are nocturnal, solitary, and feed exclusively on ants and termites, using their long, sticky tongue that can extend up to 10 inches. They are one of the most elusive animals in Wilpattu.
Wilpattu Significance
Pangolins are present in Wilpattu but rarely seen. A pangolin sighting is considered one of the rarest and most prized observations in the park. Night drives offer the only realistic chance. They are most likely encountered on warm, humid nights when ants and termites are active.
Conservation Status
Endangered (IUCN). Pangolins are the most trafficked mammals in the world, poached for their scales and meat. Wilpattu's protected status is vital for their survival in Sri Lanka.
Best Season to See
Warm months (March-September) on night drives.
Best Locations in Wilpattu
- Termite mound areas near Mahaweva
- Manikwila forest
- rocky outcrops
Viewing Tips
- 1Night drives are essential — pangolins are strictly nocturnal
- 2Look for them on roads at night — they cross open ground between forest patches
- 3Warm, humid nights after rain are best — termites are most active
- 4If you see one, keep the spotlight low and avoid sudden movements
- 5They will curl into a ball if threatened — once curled, wait quietly for them to unroll
Photography Tips
- Red-filtered light is less disturbing to pangolins than white light
- Use high ISO and a wide aperture — ambient light is limited
- Focus on the unique scale texture for a striking detail shot
- A pangolin walking on its hind legs (using its tail for balance) is the holy grail shot
Did You Know?
Pangolins walk on their hind legs with their front paws and tail raised off the ground, looking remarkably like a tiny dinosaur. Their scales make up about 20% of their total body weight.
Ready to see the Indian Pangolin in the wild? Book a Wilpattu safari with expert naturalists who know exactly where and when to find them.